The Emirate of Afghanistan was established in the late 19th century, marking the rise of modern Afghanistan under the rule of Emir Abdur Rahman Khan. Islamic traditions and tribal customs heavily influenced Afghan culture. Mythological beings like the jinn and the peris (fairies) played key roles in Afghan folklore.Afghanistan's strategic location made it a focal point of the Great Game between the British and Russian empires. Despite foreign influence, the region retained its cultural heritage, with legends passed down through oral traditions.