The Sri Lankan kingdoms, beginning in the 6th century BCE, were early centers of Buddhist culture. The most famous kingdom, Anuradhapura, thrived from the 4th century BCE to the 11th century CE, known for its stupas and ancient irrigation systems.Buddhist mythology played a key role in shaping Sri Lankan religious life. Figures like the Bodhisattvas were revered, and mythical beings such as Nāgas and Yakshas were believed to protect sacred sites and temples.