Jewish folklore during the Gola (Diaspora) period, spanning from the destruction of the Second Temple in 70 CE to the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, reflects centuries of resilience, adaptation, and cultural exchange. Rooted in ancient traditions, these stories evolved as Jewish communities spread across Europe, absorbing local influences while preserving their distinct identity. Folklore from this era is rich with themes of divine intervention, mysticism, and justice, serving as both a source of hope and a means of cultural survival.
Central to this folklore are legendary figures and creatures like the Golem, a mystical protector fashioned from clay, and tales of the Leviathan and Behemoth, which symbolize cosmic battles and divine power. Mystical traditions such as the Kabbalah flourished, introducing narratives of angels, demons, and celestial realms. Stories of the Dybbuk, a malevolent spirit seeking redemption, and the Baal Shem Tov, the founder of Hasidism, also became prominent, blending supernatural elements with spiritual teachings. These tales reflect the struggles and spiritual endurance of Jewish life in exile, offering moral guidance and a sense of continuity during centuries of upheaval and persecution.
